Palk Bay is part of a highly sensitive marine ecosystem facing increasing pressure from human activity. Overfishing, unregulated tourism, and pollution have posed serious threats to the delicate coral reefs and seagrass beds. These habitats are vital not only for biodiversity but also for local livelihoods, acting as breeding grounds for numerous species and offering protection from coastal erosion. Additionally, climate change has led to rising sea temperatures and coral bleaching events in recent years. Conservation efforts must prioritize responsible tourism, marine habitat protection, and education on sustainable practices to preserve this fragile ecosystem for future generations.